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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Citus vs. EXASOL vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. SAP Adaptive Server

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Citus vs. EXASOL vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. SAP Adaptive Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerThe SAP (Sybase) Adaptive Server Enterprise (ASE) is an enterprise-class RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infowith Boeing's Spatial Query Server
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score1.99
Rank#124  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score36.31
Rank#25  Overall
#17  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comwww.exasol.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sybase-ase.html
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.citusdata.comwww.exasol.com/­resourcesdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticshelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_ASE
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsExasolMicrosoftSAP, Sybase
Initial release20122010200020161987
Current release29.0.1, April 20248.1, December 201816.0
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaCC++C and C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
LinuxhostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyesyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
Lua
Python
R
C#
Java
PHP
C
C++
Cobol
Java
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functionsTransact SQLJava and Transact-SQL
Triggersnoyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infoHadoop integrationnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache DruidCitusEXASOLMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE
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