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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Apache Pinot vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. NSDb

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Apache Pinot vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. NSDb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonApache Pinot  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonNSDb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataRealtime distributed OLAP datastore, designed to answer OLAP queries with low latencyDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerScalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of Kubernetes
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score0.38
Rank#275  Overall
#126  Relational DBMS
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#369  Overall
#40  Time Series DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgpinot.apache.orgwww.datomic.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsnsdb.io
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.pinot.apache.orgdocs.datomic.comdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsnsdb.io/­Architecture
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsApache Software Foundation and contributorsCognitectMicrosoft
Initial release20122015201220162017
Current release29.0.1, April 20241.0.0, September 20231.0.7075, December 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial infolimited edition freecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaJava, ClojureC++Java, Scala
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
All OS with a Java JDK11 or higherAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
macOS
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes: int, bigint, decimal, string
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingSQL-like query languagenoyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBCRESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
Python
Clojure
Java
C#
Java
PHP
Java
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoTransaction FunctionsTransact SQLno
TriggersnoBy using transaction functionsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedhorizontal partitioningnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesUsing Apache Lucene
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and development
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemnoyes

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More resources
Apache DruidApache PinotDatomicMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseNSDb
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