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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Apache IoTDB vs. H2 vs. Spark SQL vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Apache IoTDB vs. H2 vs. Spark SQL vs. Weaviate

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingAn AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSVector DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#164  Overall
#14  Time Series DBMS
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score1.52
Rank#153  Overall
#6  Vector DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgiotdb.apache.orgwww.h2database.comspark.apache.org/­sqlgithub.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmlweaviate.io/­developers/­weaviate
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsApache Software FoundationThomas MuellerApache Software FoundationWeaviate B.V.
Initial release20122018200520142019
Current release29.0.1, April 20241.1.0, April 20232.2.220, July 20233.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20231.19, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJavaJavaScalaGo
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesyesyesyes, maps to GraphQL interface
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingSQL-like query languageyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsGraphQL is used as query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
Native API
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
JavaJava
Python
R
Scala
JavaScript / TypeScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsnono
Triggersnoyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedhorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)noneyes, utilizing Spark CoreSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenoneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoIntegration with Hadoop and Sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAPI Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache DruidApache IoTDBH2Spark SQLWeaviate
Specific characteristicsWeaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
» more
Competitive advantagesFlexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
» more
Typical application scenariosAs a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
» more
Key customersAll companies that have data. ​
» more
Market metricsAs of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsWeaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
Apache DruidApache IoTDBH2Spark SQLWeaviate
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