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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Apache Impala vs. Derby vs. Firebase Realtime Database

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Apache Impala vs. Derby vs. Firebase Realtime Database

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataAnalytic DBMS for HadoopFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score4.60
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Score13.64
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Websitedruid.apache.orgimpala.apache.orgdb.apache.org/­derbyfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-database
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmlfirebase.google.com/­docs/­database
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software FoundationGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014
Initial release2012201319972012
Current release29.0.1, April 20244.1.0, June 202210.17.1.0, November 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++Java
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
LinuxAll OS with a Java VMhosted
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
JDBCAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBCJavaJava
JavaScript
Objective-C
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceJava Stored Procedureslimited functionality with using 'rules'
TriggersnonoyesCallbacks are triggered when data changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReducenono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDyes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, based on authentication and database rules

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More resources
Apache DruidApache ImpalaDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBFirebase Realtime Database
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