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DBMS > Apache Drill vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RethinkDB vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RethinkDB vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Drill  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionSchema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud StorageFully managed big data interactive analytics platformDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.95
Rank#127  Overall
#23  Document stores
#60  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score2.74
Rank#105  Overall
#19  Document stores
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitedrill.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerrethinkdb.comspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationdrill.apache.org/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerrethinkdb.com/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperApache Software FoundationMicrosoftThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017Apache Software Foundation
Initial release2012201920092014
Current release1.20.3, January 2023cloud service with continuous releases2.4.1, August 20203.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++Scala
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometryyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono
Secondary indexesnoall fields are automatically indexedyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliantKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC++.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyClient-side triggers through changefeedsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding inforange basedyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoAtomic single-document operationsno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCC basedyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentDepending on the underlying data sourceyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Depending on the underlying data sourcenonono
User concepts infoAccess controlDepending on the underlying data sourceAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes infousers and table-level permissionsno

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Apache DrillMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRethinkDBSpark SQL
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