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DBMS > Apache Drill vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenQM

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenQM

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Drill  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOpenQM infoalso called QM  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionSchema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud StorageIn-memory JavaScript DBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platformQpenQM is a high-performance, self-tuning, multi-value DBMS
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Document storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedMultivalue DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.95
Rank#127  Overall
#23  Document stores
#60  Relational DBMS
Score0.43
Rank#264  Overall
#42  Document stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.27
Rank#298  Overall
#10  Multivalue DBMS
Websitedrill.apache.orggithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-open-qm
Technical documentationdrill.apache.org/­docstechfort.github.io/­LokiJSdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperApache Software FoundationMicrosoftRocket Software, originally Martin Phillips
Initial release2012201420191993
Current release1.20.3, January 2023cloud service with continuous releases3.4-12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaScript
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)hostedAIX
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infowith some exceptions
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes
Secondary indexesnoyes infovia viewsall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliantnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
JavaScript APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC++JavaScript.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
Basic
C
Java
Objective C
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsView functions in JavaScriptYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes
Triggersnoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnonenoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoatomic operations within a single collection possiblenoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentDepending on the underlying data sourceyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Depending on the underlying data sourceyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlDepending on the underlying data sourcenoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights can be defined down to the item level

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More resources
Apache DrillLokiJSMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOpenQM infoalso called QM
DB-Engines blog posts

New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
1 December 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

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