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DBMS > Apache Drill vs. Hypertable vs. Spark SQL vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. Hypertable vs. Spark SQL vs. Virtuoso

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Drill  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionSchema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud StorageAn open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as HadoopSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Wide column storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.28
Rank#119  Overall
#23  Document stores
#56  Relational DBMS
Score19.15
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score4.20
Rank#83  Overall
#14  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#45  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitedrill.apache.orgspark.apache.org/­sqlvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdrill.apache.org/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmldocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperApache Software FoundationHypertable Inc.Apache Software FoundationOpenLink Software
Initial release2012200920141998
Current release1.20.3, January 20230.9.8.11, March 20163.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20237.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++ScalaC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesnorestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scansnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliantnoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
C++ API
Thrift
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC++C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
Python
R
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsnonoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingyes, utilizing Spark Coreyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor on file system levelnoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyesyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanononoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentDepending on the underlying data sourceyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Depending on the underlying data sourcenoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlDepending on the underlying data sourcenonoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache DrillHypertableSpark SQLVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Apache DrillHypertableSpark SQLVirtuoso
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