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DBMS > Apache Drill vs. Firebird vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. Firebird vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Drill  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionSchema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud StorageFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseFully managed big data interactive analytics platformSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.95
Rank#127  Overall
#23  Document stores
#60  Relational DBMS
Score20.82
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitedrill.apache.orgwww.firebirdsql.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationdrill.apache.org/­docswww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperApache Software FoundationFirebird FoundationMicrosoftApache Software Foundation
Initial release20122000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase20192014
Current release1.20.3, January 20235.0.0, January 2024cloud service with continuous releases3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoInitial Developer's Public LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++Scala
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesnoyesall fields are automatically indexedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliantyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC++C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsPSQLYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersnoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentDepending on the underlying data sourceyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Depending on the underlying data sourcenono
User concepts infoAccess controlDepending on the underlying data sourceUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptAzure Active Directory Authenticationno

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More resources
Apache DrillFirebirdMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSpark SQL
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