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DBMS > Apache Drill vs. EXASOL vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RavenDB vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. EXASOL vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RavenDB vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Drill  Xexclude from comparisonEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonVoltDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionSchema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud StorageHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseDistributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS infoUsed for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.95
Rank#127  Overall
#23  Document stores
#60  Relational DBMS
Score1.99
Rank#124  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score2.92
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Score1.44
Rank#158  Overall
#73  Relational DBMS
Websitedrill.apache.orgwww.exasol.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerravendb.netwww.voltdb.com
Technical documentationdrill.apache.org/­docswww.exasol.com/­resourcesdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerravendb.net/­docsdocs.voltdb.com
DeveloperApache Software FoundationExasolMicrosoftHibernating RhinosVoltDB Inc.
Initial release20122000201920102010
Current release1.20.3, January 2023cloud service with continuous releases5.4, July 202211.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availableOpen Source infoAGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC#Java, C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Linux
OS X infofor development
Data schemeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliantyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language (RQL)yes infoonly a subset of SQL 99
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC++Java
Lua
Python
R
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Erlang infonot officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsuser defined functionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RyesJava
Triggersnoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyes infoHadoop integrationSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Default ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonono infoFOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACID, Cluster-wide transaction availableACID infoTransactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoData access is serialized by the server
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentDepending on the underlying data sourceyesyesyesyes infoSnapshots and command logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Depending on the underlying data sourceyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlDepending on the underlying data sourceAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAuthorization levels configured per client per databaseUsers and roles with access to stored procedures

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More resources
Apache DrillEXASOLMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRavenDBVoltDB
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