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DBMS > Apache Drill vs. CockroachDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. CockroachDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Drill  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionSchema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud StorageCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.95
Rank#127  Overall
#23  Document stores
#60  Relational DBMS
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitedrill.apache.orgwww.cockroachlabs.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationdrill.apache.org/­docswww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperApache Software FoundationCockroach LabsMicrosoftApache Software Foundation
Initial release2012201520162014
Current release1.20.3, January 202323.1.1, May 20233.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoC++Scala
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freedynamic schemayesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliantyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyesSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
JDBCADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC++C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C#
Java
PHP
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsnoTransact SQLno
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTSharding, horizontal partitioningyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentDepending on the underlying data sourceyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Depending on the underlying data sourcenono
User concepts infoAccess controlDepending on the underlying data sourceRole-based access controlyesno

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More resources
Apache DrillCockroachDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseSpark SQL
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