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DBMS > Apache Drill vs. Citus vs. Derby vs. Dgraph

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. Citus vs. Derby vs. Dgraph

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Drill  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionSchema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud StorageScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.02
Rank#124  Overall
#22  Document stores
#59  Relational DBMS
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score4.60
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Websitedrill.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comdb.apache.org/­derbydgraph.io
Technical documentationdrill.apache.org/­docsdocs.citusdata.comdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmldgraph.io/­docs
DeveloperApache Software FoundationApache Software FoundationDgraph Labs, Inc.
Initial release2012201019972016
Current release1.20.3, January 20238.1, December 201810.17.1.0, November 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCJavaGo
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyesno
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliantyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBCGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC++.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Java Stored Proceduresno
Triggersnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replicationSynchronous replication via Raft
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentDepending on the underlying data sourceyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Depending on the underlying data sourcenoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlDepending on the underlying data sourcefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno infoPlanned for future releases

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More resources
Apache DrillCitusDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBDgraph
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