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DBMS > Apache Drill vs. Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenQM

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenQM

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NameApache Drill  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOpenQM infoalso called QM  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionSchema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud StorageAnalytic DBMS for HadoopFully managed big data interactive analytics platformQpenQM is a high-performance, self-tuning, multi-value DBMS
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedMultivalue DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.90
Rank#126  Overall
#23  Document stores
#60  Relational DBMS
Score10.63
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score0.28
Rank#291  Overall
#10  Multivalue DBMS
Websitedrill.apache.orgimpala.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-open-qm
Technical documentationdrill.apache.org/­docsimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperApache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftRocket Software, originally Martin Phillips
Initial release2012201320191993
Current release1.20.3, January 20234.1.0, June 2022cloud service with continuous releases3.4-12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxhostedAIX
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infowith some exceptions
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes
Secondary indexesnoyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliantSQL-like DML and DDL statementsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC++All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
Basic
C
Java
Objective C
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyes infoquery execution via MapReduceSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanononoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentDepending on the underlying data sourceyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Depending on the underlying data sourcenono
User concepts infoAccess controlDepending on the underlying data sourceAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights can be defined down to the item level

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More resources
Apache DrillApache ImpalaMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOpenQM infoalso called QM
Recent citations in the news

Apache Drill case study: A tutorial on processing CSV files
9 June 2016, TheServerSide.com

Analyse Kafka messages with SQL queries using Apache Drill
27 September 2019, Towards Data Science

MapR Advances Support for Flexible and High Performance Analytics on JSON and S3 Data with Apache Drill
30 January 2019, Business Wire

Apache Drill Adds New Data Formats
28 March 2022, iProgrammer

Apache Drill Eliminates ETL, Data Transformation for MapR Database
11 April 2016, The New Stack

provided by Google News

Apache Impala 4 Supports Operator Multi-Threading
29 July 2021, iProgrammer

Apache Impala becomes Top-Level Project
28 November 2017, SDTimes.com

Cloudera brings Apache Iceberg data lake format to its Data Platform
30 June 2022, SiliconANGLE News

Hudi: Uber Engineering’s Incremental Processing Framework on Apache Hadoop
12 March 2017, Uber

Updates & Upserts in Hadoop Ecosystem with Apache Kudu
27 October 2017, KDnuggets

provided by Google News

We’re retiring Azure Time Series Insights on 7 July 2024 – transition to Azure Data Explorer
31 May 2024, Microsoft

Update records in a Kusto Database (public preview)
20 February 2024, Microsoft

Announcing General Availability to migrate Virtual Network injected Azure Data Explorer Cluster to Private Endpoints
5 February 2024, Microsoft

Announcing General Availability of Graph Semantics in Kusto
27 May 2024, Microsoft

General availability: Azure Data Explorer adds new geospatial capabilities
23 January 2024, Microsoft

provided by Google News



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