DBMS > Apache Doris vs. Citus vs. Dgraph vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Doris vs. Citus vs. Dgraph vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

An MPP-based analytics DBMS embracing the MySQL protocol

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.57
Rank	#244	Overall
	#113	Relational DBMS

Score	2.21
Rank	#118	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Website

doris.apache.org
github.com/apache/doris

www.citusdata.com

dgraph.io

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

github.com/apache/doris/wiki

docs.citusdata.com

dgraph.io/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation, originally contributed from Baidu

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

8Kdata

Initial release

2017

2010

2016

Current release

1.2.2, February 2023

8.1, December 2018

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
MySQL client

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

Supported programming languages

Java

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

yes

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

Synchronous replication via Raft

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Planned for future releases

Access rights for users and roles

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More resources

Recent citations in the news

Workload Isolation in Apache Doris: Optimizing Resource Management and Performance
25 May 2024, hackernoon.com

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1 September 2023, KDnuggets

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24 January 2019, Microsoft

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10 July 2023, Datanami

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1 September 2020, AWS Blog

The 12 Best Graph Databases to Consider for 2024
22 October 2023, Solutions Review

Dgraph Rises to the Top Graph Database on GitHub With 11 G2 Badges and 11M Downloads
26 May 2021, Business Wire

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20 July 2022, FinSMEs

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