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DBMS > Apache Doris vs. Apache Pinot vs. DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RethinkDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Doris vs. Apache Pinot vs. DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RethinkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Doris  Xexclude from comparisonApache Pinot  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn MPP-based analytics DBMS embracing the MySQL protocolRealtime distributed OLAP datastore, designed to answer OLAP queries with low latencyAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platformDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.60
Rank#247  Overall
#113  Relational DBMS
Score0.38
Rank#275  Overall
#126  Relational DBMS
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score2.66
Rank#107  Overall
#20  Document stores
Websitedoris.apache.org
github.com/­apache/­doris
pinot.apache.orgduckdb.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerrethinkdb.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­apache/­doris/­wikidocs.pinot.apache.orgduckdb.org/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerrethinkdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation, originally contributed from BaiduApache Software Foundation and contributorsMicrosoftThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017
Initial release20172015201820192009
Current release1.2.2, February 20231.0.0, September 20231.0.0, June 2024cloud service with continuous releases2.4.1, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++C++
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java JDK11 or higherserver-lesshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometry
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query languageyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
MySQL client
JDBCArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesJavaGo
Java
Python
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyClient-side triggers through changefeeds
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioningnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding inforange based
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnonenoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoAtomic single-document operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes infoMVCC based
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes infousers and table-level permissions

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More resources
Apache DorisApache PinotDuckDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRethinkDB
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