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DBMS > AnzoGraph DB vs. CockroachDB vs. MaxDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison AnzoGraph DB vs. CockroachDB vs. MaxDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAnzoGraph DB  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionScalable graph database built for online analytics and data harmonization with MPP scaling, high-performance analytical algorithms and reasoning, and virtualizationCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.A robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutionsFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.29
Rank#303  Overall
#25  Graph DBMS
#14  RDF stores
Score5.73
Rank#58  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score2.26
Rank#114  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websitecambridgesemantics.com/­anzographwww.cockroachlabs.commaxdb.sap.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorergithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdocs.cambridgesemantics.com/­anzograph/­userdoc/­home.htmwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsmaxdb.sap.com/­documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperCambridge SemanticsCockroach LabsSAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997Microsoft8Kdata
Initial release20182015198420192016
Current release2.3, January 202124.1.0, May 20247.9.10.12, February 2024cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree trial version availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercial infoLimited community edition freecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeSchema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportdynamic schemayesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesnoyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSPARQL and SPARQL* as primary query language. Cypher preview.yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsApache Mule
gRPC
JDBC
Kafka
OData access for BI tools
OpenCypher
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
JDBCADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC++
Java
Python
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions and aggregatesnoyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnonoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesAutomatic shardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication in MPP-ClusterMulti-source replication using RAFTSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsKerberos/HDFS data loadingnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency in MPP-ClusterImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityno infonot needed in graphsyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and rolesRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
AnzoGraph DBCockroachDBMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-DMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerToroDB
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