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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Milvus vs. Stardog vs. TigerGraph vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Milvus vs. Stardog vs. TigerGraph vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMSRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score2.78
Rank#103  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score1.80
Rank#138  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Score10.06
Rank#42  Overall
#26  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunemilvus.iowww.stardog.comwww.tigergraph.comwww.vertica.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mddocs.stardog.comdocs.tigergraph.comvertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperAmazonStardog-UnionOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release20172019201020172005
Current release2.3.4, January 20247.3.0, May 202012.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentscommercialcommercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageC++, GoJavaC++C++
Server operating systemshostedLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Linux
macOS
Windows
LinuxLinux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyesYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesVector, Numeric and Stringyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infoImport/export of XML data possiblenono
Secondary indexesnonoyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL ServerSQL-like query language (GSQL)Full 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
RESTful HTTP APIGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javayesyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersnonoyes infovia event handlersnoyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonehorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Multi-source replication in HA-ClusterMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesno infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Immediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes inforelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role based access control and fine grained access rightsAccess rights for users and rolesRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneMilvusStardogTigerGraphVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Deploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
Fast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Communication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Abiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more
Cost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
» more

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Amazon NeptuneMilvusStardogTigerGraphVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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