DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Milvus vs. Pinecone vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Milvus vs. Pinecone vs. Snowflake

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Fast, reliable graph database built for the cloud

A DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searches

A managed, cloud-native vector database

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Vector DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.29
Rank	#113	Overall
	#9	Graph DBMS
	#5	RDF stores

Score	2.78
Rank	#103	Overall
	#3	Vector DBMS

Score	3.23
Rank	#92	Overall
	#2	Vector DBMS

Score	130.36
Rank	#8	Overall
	#5	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/neptune

milvus.io

www.pinecone.io

www.snowflake.com

Technical documentation

aws.amazon.com/neptune/developer-resources

milvus.io/docs/overview.md

docs.pinecone.io/docs/overview

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

Developer

Amazon

Pinecone Systems, Inc

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Initial release

2017

2019

2014

Current release

2.3.4, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus

Implementation language

C++, Go

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
macOS

10.14 or later
Windows

with WSL 2 enabled

hosted

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Vector, Numeric and String

String, Number, Boolean

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

OpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin

RESTful HTTP API

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Python

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

Triggers

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with encyption-at-rest

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Role based access control and fine grained access rights

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Milvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more

Competitive advantages

Highly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
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Typical application scenarios

RAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more

Key customers

Milvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more

Market metrics

As of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations 3k+ enterprise...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Milvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more

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