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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Spark SQL vs. Yaacomo

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Spark SQL vs. Yaacomo

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonYaacomo  Xexclude from comparison
Yaacomo seems to be discontinued and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingOpenCL based in-memory RDBMS, designed for efficiently utilizing the hardware via parallel computing
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#112  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score22.71
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score19.15
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptuneazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsspark.apache.org/­sqlyaacomo.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperAmazonMicrosoftApache Software FoundationQ2WEB GmbH
Initial release2017201620142009
Current release3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++Scala
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Android
Linux
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
Java
PHP
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLno
Triggersnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding, horizontal partitioningyes, utilizing Spark Corehorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.yesnoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)yesnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseSpark SQLYaacomo
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