DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. MySQL vs. SAP SQL Anywhere vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. MySQL vs. SAP SQL Anywhere vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Fast, reliable graph database built for the cloud

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

Widely used open source RDBMS

RDBMS database and synchronization technologies for server, desktop, remote office, and mobile environments

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.20
Rank	#113	Overall
	#9	Graph DBMS
	#5	RDF stores

Score	18.98
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Score	1029.49
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	3.50
Rank	#81	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	0.13
Rank	#330	Overall
	#45	Document stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/neptune

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

www.mysql.com

www.sap.com/products/technology-platform/sql-anywhere.html

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

aws.amazon.com/neptune/developer-resources

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

dev.mysql.com/doc

help.sap.com/docs/SAP_SQL_Anywhere

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Amazon

Microsoft

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

SAP

formerly Sybase

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2017

2016

1995

1992

2019

Current release

9.0.0, July 2024

17, July 2015

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Clojure

Server operating systems

hosted

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

OpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

ADO.NET
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C#
Java
PHP

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Transact SQL

yes

proprietary syntax

yes, in C/C++, Java, .Net or Perl

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

Database mirroring

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with encyption-at-rest

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

yes

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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