DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Kinetica vs. RDF4J vs. TypeDB vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Kinetica vs. RDF4J vs. TypeDB vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Fast, reliable graph database built for the cloud

Fully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUs

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

TypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language

Distributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS

Used for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Relational DBMS

RDF store

Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS

Often described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.20
Rank	#119	Overall
	#9	Graph DBMS
	#5	RDF stores

Score	0.64
Rank	#236	Overall
	#109	Relational DBMS

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	0.65
Rank	#234	Overall
	#20	Graph DBMS
	#107	Relational DBMS

Score	1.44
Rank	#158	Overall
	#73	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/neptune

Technical documentation

aws.amazon.com/neptune/developer-resources

docs.kinetica.com

rdf4j.org/documentation

typedb.com/docs

docs.voltdb.com

Developer

Amazon

Kinetica

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Vaticle

VoltDB Inc.

Initial release

2017

2012

2004

2016

2010

Current release

7.1, August 2021

2.26.3, January 2024

11.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

GPL Version 3, commercial licenses available

Open Source

AGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C, C++

Java

Java, C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X

for development

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

only a subset of SQL 99

APIs and other access methods

OpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)

Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Java
PHP
Python

All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

C#
C++
Erlang

not officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes

Java

Triggers

yes

triggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified range

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Sharding

by using Cassandra

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.

Source-replica replication

none

Multi-source replication

by using Cassandra

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

by using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

substituted by the relationship feature

FOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID

Transactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Data access is serialized by the server

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with encyption-at-rest

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

Snapshots and command logging

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

GPU vRAM or System RAM

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users and roles on table level

yes

at REST API level; other APIs in progress

Users and roles with access to stored procedures

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more

Competitive advantages

TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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