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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. HyperSQL vs. Stardog vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. HyperSQL vs. Stardog vs. Vitess

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationScalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score3.23
Rank#93  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score0.88
Rank#203  Overall
#95  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunehsqldb.orgwww.stardog.comvitess.io
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourceshsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldocs.stardog.comvitess.io/­docs
DeveloperAmazonStardog-UnionThe Linux Foundation, PlanetScale
Initial release2017200120102013
Current release2.7.2, June 20237.3.0, May 202015.0.2, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infobased on BSD licensecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaGo
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinux
macOS
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesnoyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava, SQLuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javayes infoproprietary syntax
Triggersnoyesyes infovia event handlersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.noneMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyes inforelationships in graphsyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBStardogVitess
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