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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. H2 vs. openGemini vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. H2 vs. openGemini vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonopenGemini  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.An open source distributed Time Series DBMS with high concurrency, high performance, and high scalabilityA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score0.09
Rank#361  Overall
#37  Time Series DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.h2database.comwww.opengemini.org
github.com/­openGemini
github.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourceswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.opengemini.org/­guide
DeveloperAmazonThomas MuellerHuawei and openGemini community8Kdata
Initial release2017200520222016
Current release2.2.220, July 20231.1, July 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaGoJava
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMLinux
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesInteger, Float, Boolean, Stringyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
JavaC
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsno
Triggersnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAdministrators and common users accountsAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneH2openGeminiToroDB
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