DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. H2 vs. Splice Machine vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. H2 vs. Splice Machine vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Fast, reliable graph database built for the cloud

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Open-Source SQL RDBMS for Operational and Analytical use cases with native Machine Learning, powered by Hadoop and Spark

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.29
Rank	#113	Overall
	#9	Graph DBMS
	#5	RDF stores

Score	8.33
Rank	#46	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	0.54
Rank	#252	Overall
	#115	Relational DBMS

Score	0.18
Rank	#332	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/neptune

www.h2database.com

splicemachine.com

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

aws.amazon.com/neptune/developer-resources

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

splicemachine.com/how-it-works

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Amazon

Thomas Mueller

Splice Machine

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2017

2005

2014

2019

Current release

2.2.220, July 2023

3.1, March 2021

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

AGPL 3.0, commercial license available

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Clojure

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

OpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
Native Spark Datasource
ODBC

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Java

C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Scala

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes

Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Shared Nothhing Auto-Sharding, Columnar Partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Yes, via Full Spark Integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with encyption-at-rest

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

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More resources

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