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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. Teradata Aster

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. Teradata Aster

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Table Storage  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata Aster  Xexclude from comparison
Teradata Aster has been integrated into other Teradata systems and therefore will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasetsPlatform for big data analytics on multistructured data sources and types
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score4.04
Rank#77  Overall
#6  Wide column stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunecloud.google.com/­spannerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­storage/­tables
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcescloud.google.com/­spanner/­docs
DeveloperAmazonGoogleMicrosoftTeradata
Initial release2017201720122005
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Server operating systemshostedhostedhostedLinux
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free) infodefined schema within the relational store; partial schema or schema free in the Aster File Store
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infoin Aster File Store
Secondary indexesnoyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyes
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Java
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononoR packages
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infoimplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes infoDimension tables are replicated across all nodes in the cluster. The number of replicas for the file store can be configured.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyes infoSQL Map-Reduce Framework
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationoptimistic lockingACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights based on private key authentication or shared access signaturesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneGoogle Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure Table StorageTeradata Aster
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