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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Riak TS

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Riak TS

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonRiak TS  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerRiak TS is a distributed NoSQL database optimized for time series data and based on Riak KV
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#112  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score2.89
Rank#105  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Score22.71
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score0.25
Rank#308  Overall
#26  Time Series DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunecloud.google.com/­spannerazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcescloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticswww.tiot.jp/­riak-docs/­riak/­ts/­latest
DeveloperAmazonGoogleMicrosoftOpen Source, formerly Basho Technologies
Initial release2017201720162015
Current release3.0.0, September 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++Erlang
Server operating systemshostedhostedhostedLinux
OS X
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesrestricted
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesyes, limited
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
Java
PHP
C infounofficial client library
C#
C++ infounofficial client library
Clojure infounofficial client library
Dart infounofficial client library
Erlang
Go infounofficial client library
Groovy infounofficial client library
Haskell infounofficial client library
Java
JavaScript infounofficial client library
Lisp infounofficial client library
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala infounofficial client library
Smalltalk infounofficial client library
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoTransact SQLErlang
Triggersnononoyes infopre-commit hooks and post-commit hooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yesselectable replication factor
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno infolinks between datasets can be stored
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)yesno

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneGoogle Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseRiak TS
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