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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hypertable vs. Sqrrl vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hypertable vs. Sqrrl vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparisonSqrrl  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.Sqrrl has been acquired by Amazon and became a part of Amazon Web Services. It has been removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.An open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as HadoopAdaptable, secure NoSQL built on Apache AccumuloEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSWide column storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Graph DBMS
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunecloud.google.com/­spannersqrrl.comwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcescloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperAmazonGoogleHypertable Inc.Amazon infooriginally Sqrrl Data, Inc.Stardog-Union
Initial release20172017200920122010
Current release0.9.8.11, March 20167.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license availablecommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJava
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
LinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesnoyesrestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scansyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011nonoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
C++ API
Thrift
Accumulo Shell
Java API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Actionscript
C infousing GLib
C#
C++
Cocoa
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonononouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnonononoyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingSharding infomaking use of Hadoopnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.selectable replication factor on file system levelselectable replication factor infomaking use of HadoopMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infoDocument store kept consistent with combination of global timestamping, row-level transactions, and server-side consistency resolution.Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynonoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoAtomic updates per row, document, or graph entityACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noCell-level Security, Data-Centric Security, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC)Access rights for users and roles

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneGoogle Cloud SpannerHypertableSqrrlStardog
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