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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. MarkLogic vs. Spark SQL vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. MarkLogic vs. Spark SQL vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Firestore  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonVoltDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudCloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingDistributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS infoUsed for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document storeDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score7.85
Rank#51  Overall
#8  Document stores
Score5.92
Rank#58  Overall
#10  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#6  Search engines
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score1.44
Rank#158  Overall
#73  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunefirebase.google.com/­products/­firestorewww.marklogic.comspark.apache.org/­sqlwww.voltdb.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesfirebase.google.com/­docs/­firestoredocs.marklogic.comspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmldocs.voltdb.com
DeveloperAmazonGoogleMarkLogic Corp.Apache Software FoundationVoltDB Inc.
Initial release20172017200120142010
Current release11.0, December 20223.5.0 ( 2.13), September 202311.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++ScalaJava, C++
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X infofor development
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesnoyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyes infoSQL92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infoonly a subset of SQL 99
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
Android
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
Python
R
Scala
C#
C++
Erlang infonot officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes, Firebase Rules & Cloud Functionsyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptnoJava
Triggersnoyes, with Cloud Functionsyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingyes, utilizing Spark CoreSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Multi-source replicationyesnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoUsing Cloud Dataflowyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnononono infoFOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionnoACID infoTransactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoData access is serialized by the server
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes infoSnapshots and command logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes, with Range Indexesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsnoUsers and roles with access to stored procedures

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneGoogle Cloud FirestoreMarkLogicSpark SQLVoltDB
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