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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. IBM Db2 vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. IBM Db2 vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformCommon in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document storeRelational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score4.36
Rank#72  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score125.90
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Score0.18
Rank#332  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunecloud.google.com/­datastorewww.ibm.com/­products/­db2github.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcescloud.google.com/­datastore/­docswww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2www.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperAmazonGoogleIBMJuxt Ltd.
Initial release201720081983 infohost version2019
Current release12.1, October 20161.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial infofree version is availableOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++Clojure
Server operating systemshostedhostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes, details hereyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query language (GQL)yeslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnousing Google App Engineyesno
TriggersnoCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux Versionnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Multi-source replication using Paxosyes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)yes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneGoogle Cloud DatastoreIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2XTDB infoformerly named Crux
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