DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. LevelDB vs. LokiJS vs. MarkLogic

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. LevelDB vs. LokiJS vs. MarkLogic

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Fast, reliable graph database built for the cloud

Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL database

Primary database model

Document store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store

as of version 7
Search engine

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.20
Rank	#119	Overall
	#9	Graph DBMS
	#5	RDF stores

Score	14.29
Rank	#39	Overall
	#6	Document stores

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	0.43
Rank	#264	Overall
	#42	Document stores

Score	5.92
Rank	#58	Overall
	#10	Document stores
	#1	Native XML DBMS
	#1	RDF stores
	#6	Search engines

Website

aws.amazon.com/neptune

firebase.google.com/products/realtime-database

github.com/google/leveldb

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

www.marklogic.com

Technical documentation

aws.amazon.com/neptune/developer-resources

firebase.google.com/docs/database

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

docs.marklogic.com

Developer

Amazon

Google

acquired by Google 2014

Google

MarkLogic Corp.

Initial release

2017

2012

2011

2014

2001

Current release

1.23, February 2021

11.0, December 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

JavaScript

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

Schema can be enforced

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL92

APIs and other access methods

OpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin

Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

JavaScript API

Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API

Proprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT

Supported programming languages

C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Java
JavaScript
Objective-C

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

JavaScript

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

limited functionality with using 'rules'

View functions in JavaScript

yes

via XQuery or JavaScript

Triggers

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.

none

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobs

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

if the client is offline
Immediate Consistency

if the client is online

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

atomic operations within a single collection possible

ACID

can act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transaction

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with encyption-at-rest

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

yes, with Range Indexes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

yes, based on authentication and database rules

Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levels

More information provided by the system vendor

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

Cloud-based DBMS's popularity grows at high rates
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New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
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