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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Elasticsearch vs. RDF4J vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Elasticsearch vs. RDF4J vs. TimesTen

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.An in-memory SQL relational database that delivers microsecond response and high throughput for OLTP applications. TimesTen can be deployed as a standalone database or as a cache to a backend Oracle database.
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Search engineRDF storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score128.79
Rank#8  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score0.72
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score1.26
Rank#164  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchrdf4j.orgwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourceswww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlrdf4j.org/­documentationdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database/­other-databases/­timesten/­index.html
DeveloperAmazonElasticSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Oracle infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release2017201020041998
Current release8.6, January 2023Release 22.1
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJava
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
IBM AIX Power PC 64-bit
Linux arm64
Linux x86-64
Solaris SPARC 64
Solaris SPARC/x86
Solaris x86-64
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyes infoRDF Schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesnoyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query languagenoyes
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Pro*C/C++ programming interfaces
SQL and PL/SQL via JDBC
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
PHP
Python
C
C++
Java
Node.js
PL/SQL
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesyesPL/SQL
Triggersnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.yesnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoES-Hadoop Connectornono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneElasticsearchRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameTimesTen
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