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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. MarkLogic vs. SpatiaLite

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. MarkLogic vs. SpatiaLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonSpatiaLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseSpatial extension of SQLite
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Search engineDocument storeDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Spatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score128.79
Rank#8  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score4.13
Rank#71  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score4.15
Rank#70  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#8  Search engines
Score1.56
Rank#142  Overall
#3  Spatial DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchcloud.google.com/­datastorewww.progress.com/­marklogicwww.gaia-gis.it/­fossil/­libspatialite/­index
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourceswww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docswww.progress.com/­marklogic/­documentationwww.gaia-gis.it/­gaia-sins/­spatialite_topics.html
DeveloperAmazonElasticGoogleMarkLogic Corp.Alessandro Furieri
Initial release20172010200820012008
Current release8.6, January 202311.0, December 20225.0.0, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoElastic Licensecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoMPL 1.1, GPL v2.0 or LGPL v2.1
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++C++
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
server-less
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes, details hereyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesnoyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query languageSQL-like query language (GQL)yes infoSQL92yes
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesusing Google App Engineyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptno
Triggersnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.yesMulti-source replication using Paxosyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoES-Hadoop Connectoryes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationnoyes, with Range Indexesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsno

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneElasticsearchGoogle Cloud DatastoreMarkLogicSpatiaLite
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Progress MarkLogic World
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