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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. TypeDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.TypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.70
Rank#230  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#106  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptuneduckdb.orgcloud.google.com/­spannertypedb.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesduckdb.org/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docstypedb.com/­docs
DeveloperAmazonGoogleVaticle
Initial release2017201820172016
Current release1.0.0, June 20242.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++Java
Server operating systemshostedserver-lesshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011no
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononono
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.noneMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)noAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)yes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneDuckDBGoogle Cloud SpannerTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsTypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesTypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosLife sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneDuckDBGoogle Cloud SpannerTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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