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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Ingres

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Ingres

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformWell established RDBMS
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score4.36
Rank#72  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunedgraph.iocloud.google.com/­datastorewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingres
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsdocs.actian.com/­ingres
DeveloperAmazonDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleActian Corporation
Initial release2017201620081974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s
Current release11.2, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes, details hereyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoSQL-like query language (GQL)yes
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonousing Google App Engineyes
TriggersnonoCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyesShardinghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Synchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication using PaxosIngres Replicator
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCC
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)no infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneDgraphGoogle Cloud DatastoreIngres
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