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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Datomic vs. IBM Db2 warehouse vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. NSDb

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Datomic vs. IBM Db2 warehouse vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. NSDb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 warehouse infoformerly named IBM dashDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonNSDb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityCloud-based data warehousing serviceElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerScalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of Kubernetes
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score1.30
Rank#164  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#41  Time Series DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.datomic.comwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2/­warehouseazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsnsdb.io
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdocs.datomic.comdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsnsdb.io/­Architecture
DeveloperAmazonCognitectIBMMicrosoft
Initial release20172012201420162017
Current release1.0.6735, June 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infolimited edition freecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava, ClojureC++Java, Scala
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMhostedhostedLinux
macOS
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes: int, bigint, decimal, string
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infoImport/export of XML data possiblenono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyesyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
RESTful HTTP API.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Clojure
Java
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
Java
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoTransaction FunctionsPL/SQL, SQL PLTransact SQLno
TriggersnoBy using transaction functionsyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.none infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesUsing Apache Lucene
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneDatomicIBM Db2 warehouse infoformerly named IBM dashDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseNSDb
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