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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Datomic vs. EJDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. MarkLogic

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Datomic vs. EJDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. MarkLogic

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonEJDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityEmbeddable document-store database library with JSON representation of queries (in MongoDB style)A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL database
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score0.31
Rank#296  Overall
#44  Document stores
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score5.18
Rank#63  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#7  Search engines
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.datomic.comgithub.com/­Softmotions/­ejdbcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.progress.com/­marklogic
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdocs.datomic.comgithub.com/­Softmotions/­ejdb/­blob/­master/­README.mdcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.progress.com/­marklogic/­documentation
DeveloperAmazonCognitectSoftmotionsGoogleMarkLogic Corp.
Initial release20172012201220172001
Current release1.0.7075, December 202311.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoGPLv2commercialcommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava, ClojureCC++
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMserver-lesshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, bool, date, object_idyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnononoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes infoSQL92
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
RESTful HTTP APIin-process shared librarygRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Clojure
Java
Actionscript
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
Objective-C
Pike
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoTransaction Functionsnonoyes infovia XQuery or JavaScript
TriggersnoBy using transaction functionsnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnoneShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.none infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnoneMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobs
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnono infotypically not needed, however similar functionality with collection joins possibleyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transaction
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoRead/Write Lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentnoyes, with Range Indexes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)nonoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levels

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneDatomicEJDBGoogle Cloud SpannerMarkLogic
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