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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. CrateDB vs. GraphDB vs. LevelDB vs. UniData,UniVerse

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. CrateDB vs. GraphDB vs. LevelDB vs. UniData,UniVerse

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonCrateDB  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonUniData,UniVerse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudDistributed Database based on LuceneEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesMultiValue database and application server with SQL mapping layer and meta database capabilities
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value storeMultivalue DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score0.73
Rank#224  Overall
#37  Document stores
#5  Spatial DBMS
#16  Search engines
#19  Time Series DBMS
#8  Vector DBMS
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score3.16
Rank#97  Overall
#2  Multivalue DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunecratedb.comwww.ontotext.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-unidata
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcescratedb.com/­docsgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.rocketsoftware.com/­bundle?cluster=true&labelkey=unidata&labelkey=prod_unidata
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperAmazonCrateOntotextGoogleRocket Software
Initial release20172013200020111985
Current release10.4, October 20231.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Sourcecommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
CrateDB Cloud: a distributed SQL database that spreads data and processing across an elastic cluster of shared nothing nodes. CrateDB Cloud enables data insights at scale on Microsoft Azure, AWS and Google Cloud Platform.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++C
Server operating systemshostedAll Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator supportAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnooptional
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibilitystored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCnoyes
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
Java API infoJPA
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.NET
Erlang
Go infocommunity maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) infocommunity maintained client
Perl infocommunity maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby infocommunity maintained client
Scala infocommunity maintained client
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
Basic infoU2 Basic
C
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions (Javascript)well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilitynoyes
Triggersnonononoyes infoU2 Basic
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Configurable replication on table/partition-levelMulti-source replicationnoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level
Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes infoConstraint checkingnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infounique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategyACIDnoACID infoconfigurable
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)rights management via user accountsDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.noAccess rights according to SQL-standard and operating system based
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneCrateDBGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMLevelDBUniData,UniVerse
Specific characteristicsThe enterprise database for time series, documents, and vectors. Distributed - Native...
» more
Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesResponse time in milliseconds: e ven for complex ad-hoc queries. Massive scaling...
» more
GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenarios​ IoT: accelerate your IIoT projects with CrateDB, delivering real-time analytics...
» more
Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customersAcross all continents, CrateDB is used by companies of all sizes to meet the most...
» more
​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsThe CrateDB open source project was started in 2013 Honorable Mention in 2021 Gartner®...
» more
GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsSee CrateDB pricing >
» more
GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneCrateDBGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMLevelDBUniData,UniVerse
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