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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. CockroachDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. InterSystems Caché vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. CockroachDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. InterSystems Caché vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonInterSystems Caché  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
Caché is a deprecated database engine which is substituted with InterSystems IRIS. It therefore is removed from the DB-Engines Ranking.ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformA multi-model DBMS and application serverA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSDocument storeKey-value store
Object oriented DBMS
Relational DBMS
Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score5.73
Rank#58  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score4.36
Rank#72  Overall
#12  Document stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.cockroachlabs.comcloud.google.com/­datastorewww.intersystems.com/­products/­cachegithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourceswww.cockroachlabs.com/­docscloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsdocs.intersystems.com
DeveloperAmazonCockroach LabsGoogleInterSystems8Kdata
Initial release20172015200819972016
Current release24.1.0, May 20242018.1.4, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJava
Server operating systemshostedLinux
macOS
Windows
hostedAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeschema-freedynamic schemaschema-freedepending on used data modelschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes, details hereyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLSQL-like query language (GQL)yes
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBCgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonousing Google App Engineyes
TriggersnonoCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Multi-source replication using RAFTMulti-source replication using PaxosSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and rolesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneCockroachDBGoogle Cloud DatastoreInterSystems CachéToroDB
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