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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Citus vs. Kdb vs. Stardog vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Citus vs. Kdb vs. Stardog vs. Weaviate

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonKdb  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLHigh performance Time Series DBMSEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationAn AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score7.71
Rank#49  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
#1  Vector DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score1.52
Rank#153  Overall
#6  Vector DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.citusdata.comkx.comwww.stardog.comgithub.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdocs.citusdata.comcode.kx.comdocs.stardog.comweaviate.io/­developers/­weaviate
DeveloperAmazonKx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plcStardog-UnionWeaviate B.V.
Initial release201720102000 infokdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 200320102019
Current release8.1, December 20183.6, May 20187.3.0, May 20201.19, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercial infofree 32-bit versioncommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCqJavaGo
Server operating systemshostedLinuxLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes, maps to GraphQL interface
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyesno infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesnoyesyes infotable attribute 'grouped'yes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language (q)Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL ServerGraphQL is used as query language
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
JavaScript / TypeScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functionsuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javano
Triggersnoyesyes infowith viewsyes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardinghorizontal partitioningnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication in HA-Clusteryes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono infosimilar paradigm used for internal processingnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyesyes inforelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardrights management via user accountsAccess rights for users and rolesAPI Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneCitusKdbStardogWeaviate
Specific characteristicsIntegrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
» more
Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
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Competitive advantagesprovides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
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Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
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Typical application scenariostick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
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As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
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Key customersGoldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
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All companies that have data. ​
» more
Market metricskdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
» more
As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsupon request
» more
Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
» more

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneCitusKdbStardogWeaviate
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