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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Citus vs. H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. Warp 10

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Citus vs. H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. Warp 10

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonWarp 10  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBTimeSeries DBMS specialized on timestamped geo data based on LevelDB or HBase
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score2.13
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score7.57
Rank#47  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score3.14
Rank#85  Overall
#46  Relational DBMS
Score0.06
Rank#351  Overall
#35  Time Series DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.citusdata.comwww.h2database.comhsqldb.orgwww.warp10.io
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdocs.citusdata.comwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlwww.warp10.io/­content/­02_Getting_started
DeveloperAmazonThomas MuellerSenX
Initial release20172010200520012015
Current release8.1, December 20182.2.220, July 20232.7.2, June 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infoApache License 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCJavaJavaJava
Server operating systemshostedLinuxAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyesyesno
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API
Jupyter
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJava, SQLyes infoWarpScript
Triggersnoyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonenoneSharding infobased on HBase
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenoneselectable replication factor infobased on HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infobased on HBase
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardMandatory use of cryptographic tokens, containing fine-grained authorizations

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneCitusH2HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBWarp 10
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