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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Citus vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Lovefield

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Citus vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Lovefield

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score2.13
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score13.60
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score0.22
Rank#306  Overall
#138  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.citusdata.comfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasegoogle.github.io/­lovefield
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdocs.citusdata.comfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasegithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.md
DeveloperAmazonGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Google
Initial release2017201020122014
Current release8.1, December 20182.1.12, February 2017
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCJavaScript
Server operating systemshostedLinuxhostedserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder pattern
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.limited functionality with using 'rules'no
TriggersnoyesCallbacks are triggered when data changesUsing read-only observers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDyesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infousing MemoryDB
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, based on authentication and database rulesno

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneCitusFirebase Realtime DatabaseLovefield
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