DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Jena - TDB vs. Cubrid vs. Lovefield vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Jena - TDB vs. Cubrid vs. Lovefield vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Fast, reliable graph database built for the cloud

A RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena framework

CUBRID is an open-source SQL-based relational database management system with object extensions for OLTP

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.20
Rank	#119	Overall
	#9	Graph DBMS
	#5	RDF stores

Score	3.75
Rank	#84	Overall
	#3	RDF stores

Score	1.20
Rank	#169	Overall
	#78	Relational DBMS

Score	0.29
Rank	#293	Overall
	#133	Relational DBMS

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/neptune

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

cubrid.com (korean)
cubrid.org (english)

google.github.io/lovefield

rdf4j.org

Technical documentation

aws.amazon.com/neptune/developer-resources

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

cubrid.org/manuals

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

Amazon

Apache Software Foundation

originally developed by HP Labs

CUBRID Corporation, CUBRID Foundation

Google

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

2017

2000

2008

2014

2004

Current release

4.9.0, July 2023

11.0, January 2021

2.1.12, February 2017

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache License, Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C, C++, Java

JavaScript

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

APIs and other access methods

OpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin

Fuseki

REST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO

RDF Input/Output

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Java

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

JavaScript

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

via event handler

yes

Using read-only observers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.

none

Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

TDB Transactions

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with encyption-at-rest

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access control via Jena Security

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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