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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Impala vs. NuoDB vs. RDF4J vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Impala vs. NuoDB vs. RDF4J vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudAnalytic DBMS for HadoopNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRDF storeDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.94
Rank#197  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptuneimpala.apache.orgwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databaserdf4j.orggithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldoc.nuodb.comrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperAmazonApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.8Kdata
Initial release20172013201320042016
Current release4.1.0, June 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++JavaJava
Server operating systemshostedLinuxhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes infoRDF Schemasschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesno
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceJava, SQLyes
Triggersnonoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtennoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.selectable replication factoryes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBnoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReducenono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infotunable commit protocolACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoTemporary table
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative UsersnoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneApache ImpalaNuoDBRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameToroDB
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