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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Impala vs. GBase vs. Google Cloud Datastore

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Impala vs. GBase vs. Google Cloud Datastore

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGBase  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudAnalytic DBMS for HadoopWidely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.05
Rank#186  Overall
#86  Relational DBMS
Score4.36
Rank#72  Overall
#12  Document stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptuneimpala.apache.orgwww.gbase.cncloud.google.com/­datastore
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docs
DeveloperAmazonApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGeneral Data Technology Co., Ltd.Google
Initial release2017201320042008
Current release4.1.0, June 2022GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C, Java, Python
Server operating systemshostedLinuxLinuxhosted
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes, details here
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsStandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language (GQL)
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functionsusing Google App Engine
TriggersnonoyesCallbacks using the Google Apps Engine
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardinghorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.selectable replication factoryesMulti-source replication using Paxos
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflow
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyesyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosyesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneApache ImpalaGBaseGoogle Cloud Datastore
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