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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Druid vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Druid vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TerminusDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataFully managed big data interactive analytics platformScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.23
Rank#316  Overall
#27  Graph DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunedruid.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerterminusdb.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
DeveloperAmazonApache Software Foundation and contributorsMicrosoftDataChemist Ltd.
Initial release2017201220192018
Current release29.0.1, April 2024cloud service with continuous releases11.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache license v2commercialOpen Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaProlog, Rust
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Unix
hostedLinux
Data schemeschema-freeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesnoyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL for queryingKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceGraph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Journaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAzure Active Directory AuthenticationRole-based access control

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneApache DruidMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
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