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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Druid vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. mSQL vs. OrigoDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Druid vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. mSQL vs. OrigoDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparisonOrigoDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataFully managed big data interactive analytics platformmSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMSA fully ACID in-memory object graph database
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSDocument store
Object oriented DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score1.27
Rank#167  Overall
#77  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#53  Document stores
#20  Object oriented DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunedruid.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerhughestech.com.au/­products/­msqlorigodb.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerorigodb.com/­docs
DeveloperAmazonApache Software Foundation and contributorsMicrosoftHughes TechnologiesRobert Friberg et al
Initial release20172012201919942009 infounder the name LiveDB
Current release29.0.1, April 2024cloud service with continuous releases4.4, October 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache license v2commercialcommercial infofree licenses can be providedOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaCC#
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Unix
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Linux
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesUser defined using .NET types and collections
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono infocan be achieved using .NET
Secondary indexesnoyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL for queryingKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggersno
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
.NET Client API
HTTP API
LINQ
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnoyes
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyes infoDomain Events
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenonehorizontal partitioning infoclient side managed; servers are not synchronized
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.noneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
none
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnononodepending on model
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnononoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesnoyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes infoWrite ahead log
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAzure Active Directory AuthenticationnoRole based authorization

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneApache DruidMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorermSQL infoMini SQLOrigoDB
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