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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Drill vs. Firebird vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Drill vs. Firebird vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonApache Drill  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudSchema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud StorageFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score2.02
Rank#124  Overall
#22  Document stores
#59  Relational DBMS
Score20.50
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunedrill.apache.orgwww.firebirdsql.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdrill.apache.org/­docswww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperAmazonApache Software FoundationFirebird FoundationMicrosoft
Initial release201720122000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase2019
Current release1.20.3, January 20235.0.0, January 2024cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoInitial Developer's Public Licensecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hosted
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesnonoyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliantyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsPSQLYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnonoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Source-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restDepending on the underlying data sourceyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Depending on the underlying data sourceno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Depending on the underlying data sourceUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneApache DrillFirebirdMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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