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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Drill vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. H2 vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Drill vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. H2 vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonApache Drill  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudSchema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud StorageCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document store
Relational DBMS
Document storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score1.95
Rank#127  Overall
#23  Document stores
#60  Relational DBMS
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#343  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunedrill.apache.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.h2database.comgithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdrill.apache.org/­docsfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasewww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperAmazonApache Software FoundationGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Thomas MuellerJuxt Ltd.
Initial release20172012201220052019
Current release1.20.3, January 20232.2.220, July 20231.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaClojure
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesnonoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliantnoyeslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
JavaClojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionslimited functionality with using 'rules'Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsno
TriggersnonoCallbacks are triggered when data changesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoyesACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restDepending on the underlying data sourceyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Depending on the underlying data sourceyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Depending on the underlying data sourceyes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneApache DrillFirebase Realtime DatabaseH2XTDB infoformerly named Crux
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