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DBMS > Amazon DocumentDB vs. Datomic vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Amazon DocumentDB vs. Datomic vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, scalable, highly available, and fully managed MongoDB-compatible database serviceDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.91
Rank#132  Overall
#24  Document stores
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­documentdbwww.datomic.comfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databaseazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­documentdb/­resourcesdocs.datomic.comfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperCognitectGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Microsoft
Initial release2019201220122019
Current release1.0.6735, June 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infolimited edition freecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, Clojure
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMhostedhosted
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnononoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsproprietary protocol using JSON (MongoDB compatible)RESTful HTTP APIAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Clojure
Java
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoTransaction Functionslimited functionality with using 'rules'Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
TriggersnoBy using transaction functionsCallbacks are triggered when data changesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones for high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicasnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)nonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityno infotypically not used, however similar functionality with DBRef possiblenonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataAtomic single-document operationsACIDyesno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and rolesnoyes, based on authentication and database rulesAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
Amazon DocumentDBDatomicFirebase Realtime DatabaseMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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