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DBMS > Amazon DocumentDB vs. Apache Druid vs. GeoMesa vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison Amazon DocumentDB vs. Apache Druid vs. GeoMesa vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SpaceTime

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonGeoMesa  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, scalable, highly available, and fully managed MongoDB-compatible database serviceOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataGeoMesa is a distributed spatio-temporal DBMS based on various systems as storage layer.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformSpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Spatial DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedSpatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.91
Rank#131  Overall
#24  Document stores
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score0.86
Rank#205  Overall
#4  Spatial DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.03
Rank#392  Overall
#8  Spatial DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­documentdbdruid.apache.orgwww.geomesa.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.mireo.com/­spacetime
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­documentdb/­resourcesdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designwww.geomesa.org/­documentation/­stable/­user/­index.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsCCRi and othersMicrosoftMireo
Initial release20192012201420192020
Current release29.0.1, April 20245.0.0, May 2024cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache License 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaScalaC++
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Unix
hostedLinux
Data schemeschema-freeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL for queryingnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented
APIs and other access methodsproprietary protocol using JSON (MongoDB compatible)JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
C++
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersnononoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infomanual/auto, time-baseddepending on storage layerSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceFixed-grid hypercubes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones for high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicasyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesdepending on storage layeryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Real-time block device replication (DRBD)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)noyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencydepending on storage layerEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityno infotypically not used, however similar functionality with DBRef possiblenononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataAtomic single-document operationsnononono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nodepending on storage layernono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and rolesRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemyes infodepending on the DBMS used for storageAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes

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More resources
Amazon DocumentDBApache DruidGeoMesaMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSpaceTime
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