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DBMS > Amazon Aurora vs. Apache Impala vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Google Cloud Spanner

System Properties Comparison Amazon Aurora vs. Apache Impala vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Google Cloud Spanner

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Aurora  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMySQL and PostgreSQL compatible cloud service by AmazonAnalytic DBMS for HadoopCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.57
Rank#51  Overall
#32  Relational DBMS
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score13.64
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­rds/­auroraimpala.apache.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasecloud.google.com/­spanner
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­AmazonRDS/­latest/­AuroraUserGuide/­CHAP_Aurora.htmlimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasecloud.google.com/­spanner/­docs
DeveloperAmazonApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Google
Initial release2015201320122017
Current release4.1.0, June 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++
Server operating systemshostedLinuxhostedhosted
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAda
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBCJava
JavaScript
Objective-C
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducelimited functionality with using 'rules'no
TriggersyesnoCallbacks are triggered when data changesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioningShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationselectable replication factorMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflow
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoyesACID infoStrict serializable isolation
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosyes, based on authentication and database rulesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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More resources
Amazon AuroraApache ImpalaFirebase Realtime DatabaseGoogle Cloud Spanner
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